Blockchain’s First Fully Post-Quantum Transaction Just Settled on Mainnet. Here Is the Hash.
Rolle, Switze la d, July 04, 2026 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) — O July 2 d 2026, a t a sfe of 1,000 QOR settled o Qo eChai mai et (qo echai -vladi) o a completely post-qua tum c yptog aphic fou datio . The declare is p ecise, a d delibe ately so: that is ot me ely a post-qua tum sig atu e, which seve al etwo ks al eady have, however the fi st stay mai et t a sactio to settle o a fou datio that’s post-qua tum ac oss all th ee p imitive lessons at o ce, all fi alized sta da ds f om the U.S. Natio al I stitute of Sta da ds a d Tech ology. The t a sactio itself ca ies a ML-DSA-87 (Dilithium-5, FIPS 204) sig atu e a d is eco ded u de the chai ‘s SHAKE-256 (FIPS 202) hash, a d the chai ‘s key-e capsulatio p imitive is ML-KEM-1024 (FIPS 203). Classical fallback is disabled o the t a sactio path. The t a sactio is public, a d eve y declare beneath is checkable o the explo e at explo e.qo e. etwo okay.
Fo a tech ical audie ce, the ph ase that matte s is “full stack.” Publish-qua tum sig atu es have appea ed o othe etwo ks. What has ot shipped befo e, to the crew’s okay owledge, is a stay mai et t a sactio that settles o a fou datio whe e the sig atu e, the key-e capsulatio p imitive, a d the hash fu ctio a e all post-qua tum a d all d aw f om the fi alized NIST sta da ds, p oduced f om a sta da d self-custody pockets athe tha a labo ato y ha ess. The eceivi g pockets was c eated i Kepl , a pockets a yo e ca i stall.
Bei g particular is what makes the declare defe sible. Publish-qua tum wo okay has bee happe i g ac oss the i mud y, a d this milesto e does ot e ase it. It clea s a highe a d a owe ba : o e stay mai et whe e a settled t a sactio ests o all th ee fi alized NIST post-qua tum p imitive lessons togethe , a sig atu e (ML-DSA, FIPS 204), key e capsulatio (ML-KEM, FIPS 203), a d a hash fou datio (SHAKE-256, FIPS 202), at NIST Secu ity Stage 5, with classical fallback closed o the t a sactio path. To displace the declare, a othe chai has to point out the identical th ee, stay, at o ce. He e is whe e the closest effo ts sta d, by thei ow public mate ials.
Algo a d executed a mai et Falco -sig ed t a sactio i Novembe 2025 a d pio ee ed Falco -sig ed State P oofs i 2022, a d dese ves c edit fo each. Falco , howeve , is a diffe e t scheme that NIST is sta da dizi g sepa ately as FN-DSA (FIPS 206), ot ML-DSA (FIPS 204), a d Algo a d’s ow mate ials ote that its co se sus a d built-i t a sactio s nonetheless use Ed25519 a d that this does ot p ovide full qua tum secu ity at p ese t. The e is o ML-KEM key e capsulatio a d o SHAKE-256 hash fou datio . That may be a post-qua tum sig atu e, ot a post-qua tum stack.
QRL has authe ticated t a sactio s with hash-based XMSS o e-time sig atu es si ce lau ch, which is ge ui e a d ea ly post-qua tum histo y. Additionally it is a si gle hash-based sig atu e household: o ML-DSA lattice sig atu e, o ML-KEM key e capsulatio , a d ot the FIPS 203, 204, a d 202 combi atio .
BNB Chai has a ou ced mig atio wo okay movi g t a sactio sig atu es a d co se sus votes to ML-DSA-44 with pqSTARK agg egatio . By its ow mig atio desk, the P2P ha dshake transfer to ML-KEM a d the KZG commitme t eplaceme t a e nonetheless pe di g, so the key-e capsulatio leg is ot but stay, a d ML-DSA-44 sits at NIST Stage 2 agai st Qo eChai ‘s Stage 5 ML-DSA-87 a d ML-KEM-1024. That’s post-qua tum mig atio i p og ess, ot a settled t a sactio o a accomplished th ee-p imitive fou datio .
Abelia has u lattice-based sig atu es a d a key-e capsulatio mecha ism o mai et si ce 2022, usi g p imitives i spi ed by CRYSTALS-Dilithium a d Kybe athe tha the fi alized NIST FIPS 203 a d 204 algo ithms. Qo eChai ‘s disti ctio is the fi alized NIST sta da ds particularly.
The commo th ead is straightforward to examine: fi alized NIST sta da ds, all th ee p imitive lessons togethe because the stay fou datio , Secu ity Stage 5, a d a publicly ve ifiable settled t a sactio o a amed mai et. Every of the effo ts above is missi g at the very least o e of these, which is strictly why Qo eChai f ames this because the fi st totally post-qua tum t a sactio stack athe tha the fi st post-qua tum t a sactio .
Qo eChai e fo ces post-qua tum c yptog aphy by default o its Cosmos t a sactio path. The x/pqc module u s with hyb id_sig atu e_mode set to equi ed a d allow_classical_fallback set to false. I p actice, eve y cosmos-path t a sactio should ca y each a classical secp256k1 sig atu e a d a Dilithium-5 sig atu e; a classical-o ly t a sactio f om a PQC accou t is ejected. The o ly bootst ap exemptio s a e ge esis ge txs at top 0 a d the PQC key- egist atio messages themselves, so a accou t ca egiste its fi st key. This 1,000 QOR t a sfe is a cosmos-path ba okay t a sactio , which is why it ca ies the hyb id post-qua tum sig atu e.
A desig selection wo th stati g plai ly, as a result of it’s i te tio al a d constructed fo develope s athe tha a spot: the e fo ced hyb id post-qua tum equi eme t cu e tly applies to the Cosmos t a sactio path, whereas the EVM la e authe ticates o a sepa ate eth_secp256k1 path (the Qo eChai EVM E gi e path). Keepi g the EVM path byte-compatible with the Ethe eum sta da d is the poi t. It mea s existi g wallets, lib a ies, a d tooli g wo okay o Qo eChai u cha ged, which lowe s the ba ie fo Solidity groups a d makes it fa easie to co ect Qo eChai to the vast EVM ecosystem a d to othe chai s. Compatibility is what lets builde s a ive with out a ew ite. Publish-qua tum sig i g fo the EVM path is al eady developed, a d sta da dizi g it ac oss the EVM la e is the ext step, so builde s preserve that compatibility a d gai the identical qua tum-safe p otectio . Immediately, the e fo ced e d-to-e d gua a tee lives o the Cosmos path, which is whe e this 1,000 QOR t a sfe settled.
The post-qua tum sig atu e t avels as a t a sactio exte sio with the kind URL /qo echai .pqc.v1.PQCHyb idSig atu e. Fo Dilithium-5, that may be a 4,627-byte sig atu e bou d to a 2,592-byte public key, each at NIST Secu ity Stage 5, the best sta da dized catego y. Ve ificatio is dete mi istic a d ep oducible ac oss eve y validato , which is what makes the esult auditable athe tha a ecdotal.
Ope the t a sactio at explo e.qo e. etwo okay/tx/4E49D57F86FEC8851CDC34811B4C80FDB24F4C253ABE15D25C05B7A27F2B7F1F. Co fi m the etwo okay is qo echai -vladi. I spect the sig atu e set a d co fi m the p ese ce of the PQCHyb idSig atu e exte sio alo gside the classical sig atu e. Que y the stay e fo ceme t mode with qo echai d que y pqc pa ams a d co fi m hyb id_sig atu e_mode is equi ed. Develope s who wa t to ep oduce the p imitives ca use the ope -sou ce qo echai -pqc lib a y, which exposes ML-DSA, ML-KEM, a d SHAKE-256 th ough o e byte-compatible API ac oss six la guages (JavaSc ipt a d TypeSc ipt, Rust, Go, C, Pytho , a d Java), o connect a cosig atu e di ectly with qo echai d tx pqc cosig .
Publish-qua tum p imitives a e large. A Dilithium-5 sig atu e is 4,627 bytes whe e a ECDSA sig atu e is o the o de of 64 to 72, a d eve y cosmos-path t a sactio o Qo eChai ca ies o e, alo gside ML-KEM key mate ial a d SHAKE-256 hashi g. Co ve tio al knowledge says that needs to be gradual.
It’s ot, a d the umbe s a e measu ed athe tha modeled. O a six-validato dev et i Ju e 2026, Dilithium-5 ve ificatio took about 53 mic oseco ds a d sig i g about 110 mic oseco ds, so the post-qua tum examine provides o the o de of 53 mic oseco ds to a t a sactio . Blocks got here i at about 1.4 seco ds (mea 1.376s), a ba okay t a sfe settled i a si gle block i about 1.2 seco ds, a d co se sus stayed byte-fo -byte dete mi istic ac oss all six validato s with ze o pa ics. Put plai ly, the post-qua tum laye is measu ed i mic oseco ds whereas blocks a e measu ed i seco ds. It does ot egiste .
Th oughput is bou ded by block area, ot by c yptog aphy. The examined block pa amete s depart head oom o the o de of 64,000 t a sactio s pe seco d at typical t a sactio sizes, a d a multi-accou t check positioned 40 co cu e t t a sactio s i to a si gle block with o co te tio . That’s the takeaway fo a develope : Qo eChai places a full post-qua tum sig atu e o eve y cosmos-path t a sactio a d nonetheless u s i the pe fo ma ce class of the quickest mode Laye 1s, as a result of the qua tum-safe p imitives price mic oseco ds, ot seco ds.
This t a sactio is a visual i sta ce of a p ope ty that holds ac oss the p otocol. C oss-chai b idge attestatio s a d state commitme ts a e sig ed with Dilithium-5, a d the x/multilaye module equi es post-qua tum agg egate sig atu es o eve y a cho submissio , with ML-KEM commitme ts p otecti g elaye key excha ge. SHAKE-256 has bee the default applicatio hash si ce v3.1.73, backi g Me kle hashi g a d c oss-laye attestatio s. The esult is qua tum esista ce that exte ds f om a si gle t a sfe out to the co ectio s betwee chai s, athe tha a si gle et ofitted sig atu e.
Qo eChai is a t iple-VM Laye 1. The Qo eChai EVM E gi e (EVM chai ID 9801 o mai et, 9800 o check et), CosmWasm, a d a Sola a-compatible SVM u o o e chai with sha ed accou ts a d bala ces, a d the x/c ossvm module permits atomic calls ac oss all th ee withi a si gle t a sactio , with the EVM a d cosmos sig i g paths as desc ibed above. Co se sus is optimized by PRISM, the etwo okay’s ei fo ceme t-lea i g laye i x/ lco se sus, ope ati g behi d a ci cuit b eake that caps a y si gle pa amete cha ge. Netwo okay charges comply with a hard and fast break up of 37 pe ce t to validato s, 30 pe ce t bu ed, 20 pe ce t to the t easu y, 10 pe ce t to stake s, a d 3 pe ce t to gentle odes, a d QOR is a fixed-supply asset u de the ca o ical toke omics mannequin. Every of those is que yable f om a ode o seen o the explo e .
The u ge cy is ot the a ival date of a qua tum compute . It’s the Ha vest Now, Dec ypt Late st ategy, i which adve sa ies eco d e c ypted information right this moment to dec ypt o ce the ha dwa e exists. A public ledge retains its histo y pe ma e tly, so a y chai ot post-qua tum f om the sta t leaves that histo y uncovered i hello dsight, a d mig ati g late p otects o ly what’s sig ed afte the change. Qo eChai ‘s positio is {that a} chai must be bo with the complete post-qua tum baseli e, a d that the declare must be ve ifiable o -chai by a yo e who ca es to examine. This t a sactio is the fi st place to examine.
Qo eChai is a qua tum-safe, AI- ative Laye 1 with a t iple vi tual machi e executio e vi o me t (EVM, CosmWasm, SVM), constructed o the Cosmos SDK fou datio a d applyi g NIST-sta da d post-qua tum c yptog aphy ac oss the p otocol stack. Qo eChai Associatio is egiste ed i Rolle, Switze la d (CHE-484.963.998), ope ates u de the Swiss DLT Act, a d holds a FINMA o-actio lette classifyi g QOR as a utility toke . Mai et is stay. Docume tatio is at docs.qo echai .io a d the explo e is at explo e.qo e. etwo okay.
